Buying Used: Mazda MX-5

The Mazda MX-5, known as the Miata in some parts of the world, has earned its reputation as the quintessential lightweight sports car. Since its inception in 1989, it has been cherished by driving enthusiasts for its simplicity, reliability, and engaging driving experience. Over four generations, Mazda has continuously refined the MX-5 formula, keeping its core attributes intact while modernizing its features and design. For South African car enthusiasts, the MX-5 offers a unique opportunity to enjoy affordable, top-down motoring. This guide delves into each generation of the Mazda MX-5, offering insights for potential buyers considering a used model in South Africa.

Mazda’s MX-5 is a beacon of pure, unfiltered driving pleasure. Whether you’re a first-time roadster owner or a seasoned sports car enthusiast, the MX-5 delivers a perfect balance of fun and practicality. Its lightness, rear-wheel-drive layout, and agile handling make it an appealing choice in the South African market, where open roads and scenic drives are plentiful. Let’s take a look at each generation of this iconic model, from its origins to the present day.

First Generation (NA) – 1989 to 1997

Overview

The first-generation Mazda MX-5, dubbed the NA, debuted in 1989 to immediate acclaim. It revived the spirit of classic British roadsters like the Lotus Elan, MG Midget, and Triumph Spitfire, but with a key difference: Japanese reliability. The combination of a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, and an ultra-light chassis created a recipe for an engaging car to drive without being overly powerful.

The NA MX-5’s most iconic feature was its pop-up headlights, which gave the car a distinctive, playful appearance. It was a simple, driver-focused car, with no excess weight or unnecessary gadgets, staying true to Mazda’s philosophy of Jinba Ittai – the unity between horse and rider.

Engine and Performance

1.6-litre Engine: Producing 85 kW, this naturally aspirated inline-four engine was lively and rev-happy, delivering a pure driving experience.
1.8-litre Engine: In 1994, Mazda introduced a more powerful 1.8-litre engine, which offered 98 kW and more torque, making the NA even more enjoyable on twisty roads.

Both engines were paired with a five-speed manual transmission that was praised for its crisp, short throws and mechanical feel. Weighing just over 1,000 kg, the NA MX-5 felt agile and responsive, making it ideal for South Africa’s scenic routes.

Key Features

• Pop-up headlights
• Lightweight construction (around 1,000 kg)
• Simple, driver-focused interior
• Manual soft-top roof
• Rear-wheel-drive with a limited-slip differential (in some models)

What to Look For When Buying a First-Generation MX-5

The first-generation Mazda MX-5 is an iconic vehicle, but its age means there are some critical areas to inspect when purchasing one on the used market in South Africa. Here’s a breakdown of the critical factors to consider:

1. Rust Issues: The NA MX-5 is particularly prone to rust, especially in high-moisture environments. Check the following areas for rust damage:

• Sills and Wheel Arches: The areas around the sills and rear wheel arches are particularly vulnerable to rust. Make sure to inspect these areas closely, as rust in these sections can lead to costly repairs.
• Undercarriage: Examine the undercarriage and the suspension components for rust. Since the NA is lightweight and relatively low to the ground, damage from road debris or water can lead to rust developing on the frame.

2. Suspension and Bushings: Given its age and the car’s focus on sharp handling, the suspension components on NA models may be worn out. Look out for signs of worn bushings or sagging suspension, which can impact handling and ride quality.

• Shock Absorbers: If the car feels bouncy or handles poorly during a test drive, the shock absorbers might need to be replaced.
• Steering Rack: Check for play or looseness in the steering, as this could indicate wear in the rack or bushings, which may need to be replaced.

3. Soft-Top Condition: As a convertible, the condition of the soft top is crucial. After decades of use, many original soft tops will have developed leaks, tears, or fading.

• Check for Leaks: Inspect the interior for signs of water damage or mold, which could indicate that the soft top is no longer weatherproof.
• Folding Mechanism: Ensure the roof folds down and retracts smoothly without catching or damaging any seals.

4. Engine and Transmission: The 1.6-litre and 1.8-litre engines in the NA are generally robust, but they are now decades old, so thorough engine checks are necessary.

• Oil Leaks: Check for oil leaks around the engine, particularly the valve cover gasket and oil pan. Older gaskets may start to deteriorate over time.
• Transmission Wear: The five-speed manual gearbox is one of the NA’s highlights, but after years of use, the synchros may wear out, leading to difficult or crunchy gear changes.

5. Modified Examples: Many NA MX-5s have been modified by enthusiasts, often with aftermarket suspension, exhaust systems, or engine upgrades. While modifications can enhance performance, they can also affect reliability if not done properly.

• Check for Proper Installations: Ensure that any modifications, especially turbo kits or suspension upgrades, were installed professionally and do not compromise the car’s reliability or safety.
• Originality: If you’re looking for a classic MX-5 experience, try to find a model that hasn’t been heavily modified, as these tend to hold their value better.

Second Generation (NB) – 1998 to 2005

Overview

The second-generation MX-5, known as the NB, retained much of the NA’s charm while incorporating modern improvements. Launched in 1998, the NB did away with the pop-up headlights in favor of fixed units, giving the car a sleeker and more contemporary look. Mazda also made improvements to the chassis, increasing rigidity and adding modern safety features like dual airbags and ABS.

The NB continued the lightweight philosophy but introduced subtle refinements to make it a bit more livable for everyday driving. The improved interior materials and slightly larger dimensions made it more comfortable without compromising the engaging driving dynamics that made the MX-5 famous.

Engine and Performance

The NB offered similar engines to the NA:

1.6-litre Engine: Producing around 81 kW, this engine was more refined than its predecessor, offering slightly better fuel economy and emissions.
1.8-litre Engine: Later NB models featured a 1.8-litre engine with up to 107 kW, providing a bit more power for those seeking a sportier drive.

The NB introduced a six-speed manual transmission in higher-spec models, offering more flexibility in power delivery. Handling was sharper due to improved suspension and chassis tuning, making the NB an excellent choice for both city driving and weekend getaways.

Key Features

• Fixed headlights replacing the pop-up units
• Improved structural rigidity and safety features
• Dual airbags and ABS as standard
• Optional six-speed manual transmission
• Refined interior with better materials

What to Look For When Buying a Second-Generation MX-5

The second-generation NB is generally more durable than the NA, but it’s still over a decade old, meaning it comes with its own set of potential issues. Here are the key areas to focus on:

1. Rust and Corrosion: Rust remains a significant concern for NB models, though it is slightly better protected than the NA.

• Chassis and Underbody: Like the NA, the NB’s underbody and chassis rails can suffer from rust. Pay close attention to these areas, particularly around the rear subframe, where rust can compromise the car’s structural integrity.
• Drainage Holes: The NB’s drainage holes, designed to remove water from the roof, can become blocked, leading to water accumulation that can cause rust. Make sure these are clear and functioning properly.

2. Soft-Top and Weather Seals: While the NB had improvements in terms of roof materials, the soft top is still vulnerable to wear over time.

• Check for Tears and Wear: Inspect the soft-top material for tears, particularly around the seams and rear window. The seals around the windows and doors should also be inspected for leaks.
• Hardtop Option: Some NB models come with an optional hardtop. If you’re purchasing a hardtop model, ensure that the seals around the hardtop are in good condition and that it fits securely.

3. Suspension and Alignment: The suspension is critical to the MX-5’s famed handling, and worn suspension components will degrade its precision.

• Suspension Wear: Inspect the suspension for sagging springs or worn shocks, as these will need to be replaced to restore the car’s nimble handling. Listen for any knocking noises, which could indicate worn bushings.
• Wheel Alignment: NBs are sensitive to alignment settings, so if the car feels unstable during a test drive or pulls to one side, it could be a sign of improper alignment or worn suspension components.

4. Engine and Cooling System: The engines in the NB are generally reliable, but overheating can be an issue if the cooling system isn’t maintained.

• Cooling System Health: Check for signs of overheating, including discolored coolant or a corroded radiator. The radiator may need to be replaced if it shows signs of excessive wear.
• Timing Belt: Ensure the timing belt has been replaced according to Mazda’s maintenance schedule. A snapped timing belt can cause serious engine damage.

5. Electronics and Electrical Issues: As electronics became more prevalent in the NB, electrical gremlins can sometimes emerge.

• Window Regulators: Power windows can become slow or fail completely due to faulty regulators. Test the windows to ensure they operate smoothly.
• Dashboard Warning Lights: Ensure there are no warning lights on the dashboard, as this could indicate issues with the ABS system or other electrical components.

Third Generation (NC) – 2006 to 2014

Overview

The third-generation MX-5, known as the NC, marked a significant evolution in the MX-5’s design and functionality. The NC was larger, more powerful, and more refined than its predecessors, but Mazda was careful not to lose the essence of the MX-5—lightweight, simple, and fun to drive. This generation introduced a retractable hardtop option, offering additional refinement and year-round usability.

Despite the slight increase in size, the NC still prioritized handling and driver engagement. The steering was precise, and the suspension was tuned for a perfect blend of comfort and sportiness, making it an excellent choice for South African drivers who wanted a fun yet practical roadster.

Engine and Performance

The NC introduced a new 2.0-litre engine:

2.0-litre Engine: Producing 118 kW and 188 Nm of torque, the NC was the most powerful MX-5 at the time. It provided brisk acceleration and a more muscular feel compared to the earlier models.

The NC was available with a five-speed manual as standard, but a six-speed manual or six-speed automatic were available in higher trims. The retractable hardtop (PRHT) was a major selling point, offering a quieter and more secure cabin with the convenience of a convertible roof.

Key Features

• Available with a retractable hardtop (PRHT)
• 2.0-litre engine with more power
• Larger and more comfortable interior
• Improved suspension and handling
• Advanced safety features like stability control

What to Look For When Buying a Third-Generation MX-5

The NC represented a shift towards more refinement and comfort, but it’s still a driver’s car at heart. Here’s what to look for when considering an NC model:

1. Retractable Hardtop (PRHT) Mechanism: The NC introduced a retractable hardtop option, which adds convenience but also complexity.

• Check for Smooth Operation: Ensure the hardtop opens and closes smoothly without any hesitation or strange noises. The mechanism should operate flawlessly, as repairs can be expensive.
• Inspect for Leaks: Check the seals around the hardtop for signs of wear or leaks. A leaking hardtop can lead to water ingress, damaging the interior.

2. Suspension and Steering: The NC is known for its precise handling, but wear in the suspension or steering components can diminish its driving dynamics.

• Check for Play in the Steering: Ensure the steering feels tight and responsive. Any play or looseness could indicate worn steering rack bushings or tie rod ends.
• Suspension Wear: Inspect the suspension for signs of wear, such as leaking shocks or sagging springs. If the car feels bouncy or doesn’t corner as sharply as expected, the suspension may need attention.

3. Engine and Transmission: The NC introduced a larger 2.0-litre engine, which is generally reliable, but some common issues can arise.

• Oil Leaks: Look for oil leaks around the valve cover gasket or oil pan. Regular oil changes are essential for the longevity of this engine, so ensure the car has a solid service history.
• Transmission Health: If the car is equipped with a six-speed manual, ensure the gearbox shifts smoothly. Any grinding during shifts could indicate worn synchros.

4. Brakes and Tyres: The NC is a relatively lightweight car, but worn brakes or tyres can negatively affect its performance.

• Brake Condition: Inspect the brake discs and pads for wear. A soft brake pedal or vibrations during braking could indicate warped rotors or worn pads.
• Tire Wear: Check the condition of the tyres, particularly the inner edges, as improper alignment can lead to uneven wear.

Fourth Generation (ND) – 2015 to Present

Overview

The fourth-generation MX-5, known as the ND, is a return to the lightweight, driver-focused philosophy that made the original so beloved. Launched in 2015, the ND is lighter, sharper, and more refined than the NC, with Mazda’s “KODO – Soul of Motion” design language giving it a sleek, aggressive look. It’s also the most advanced MX-5 to date, with modern safety and technology features.

The ND represents Mazda’s continued commitment to making a sports car that delivers pure driving pleasure. It offers an even more engaging driving experience than previous generations, with quicker steering and a more responsive chassis.

Engine and Performance

The ND is offered with one engine:

2.0-litre SkyActiv Engine: Offering 118 kW, the 2.0-litre engine delivers more punch while maintaining the lightweight philosophy. It’s the engine of choice for those seeking a bit more excitement on open roads.

The ND also introduced a six-speed manual transmission with smoother shifts, as well as an automatic option. Mazda introduced the RF (Retractable Fastback) model in 2017, offering a sleek targa-style roof for those wanting a more coupe-like appearance.

Key Features

• Lightweight chassis for enhanced handling
• Sharp and aggressive design with “KODO” styling
• Modern safety features, including blind-spot monitoring and lane departure warning
• Optional RF (Retractable Fastback) variant
• SkyActiv engine focused on efficiency and performance

What to Look For When Buying a Fourth-Generation MX-5

The ND is the most modern and advanced MX-5 yet, but as a newer model, there are still a few things to keep in mind when buying used.

1. SkyActiv Engine Health: The ND introduced Mazda’s SkyActiv engines, which focus on efficiency and performance, but maintenance is key to ensuring they remain in good condition.

• Service History: Check that the car has been serviced regularly at the correct intervals. SkyActiv engines are highly efficient but rely on regular oil changes and proper maintenance.
• Engine Noise: Listen for any abnormal engine noises, such as knocking or ticking. These could indicate wear in the engine or issues with the timing chain.

2. Soft-Top or Retractable Fastback (RF): The ND offers both a traditional soft-top and a targa-style retractable fastback (RF) version.

• Soft-Top Condition: As with earlier models, the condition of the soft top is crucial. Check for leaks, wear, or tears in the fabric, especially around the seams and rear window.
• RF Mechanism: If you’re considering the RF model, ensure the retractable roof mechanism operates smoothly. Any delays or odd noises should be investigated, as repairs can be costly.

3. Suspension and Alignment: The ND is incredibly light and agile, but worn suspension components can dull its responsiveness.

• Suspension Condition: Check for any knocking noises from the suspension during a test drive, as these could indicate worn bushings or shocks.
• Wheel Alignment: If the car feels unstable or pulls to one side, it could need a wheel alignment. MX-5s are sensitive to proper alignment, so ensuring it’s set up correctly is key to enjoying the driving experience.

4. Electronics and Infotainment: The ND introduced modern infotainment and electronic systems, including Mazda’s MZD Connect.

• Infotainment System: Test the infotainment system thoroughly, ensuring the touchscreen responds correctly and that all features, including Bluetooth and navigation, work as expected.
• Dashboard Warning Lights: Ensure there are no warning lights illuminated on the dashboard, particularly for the traction control system or engine.

Final Thoughts

The Mazda MX-5 offers a unique driving experience across all its generations, but like any used vehicle, each version comes with its own set of considerations. Whether you’re looking for the classic appeal of the NA, the refined comfort of the NC, or the modern thrills of the ND, proper inspection and maintenance are key to ensuring you get the most out of your purchase. With regular care, the MX-5 can continue to deliver joy to drivers on South African roads for years to come.

This expanded guide provides a thorough look at what to check when buying each generation of the MX-5 in South Africa, ensuring you can make an informed decision and enjoy top-down driving with confidence.

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